18:43:56	 From  Judith Rudolph : I’ve heard that geothermal has the potential to provide 10% of our electrical needs, it’s consistent, carbon free and can be combined with solar.  What do you think are the chances it will be subsidized, as start-up costs are a deterrent?
18:47:12	 From  Doug Rodgers : Geothermal energy is more complicated than it may appear.  There are a limited number of places where it is accessible.  CA has been using some for many years, but was never able to expand it as was first promised.  Suggest you check out the Geysers -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Geysers
19:06:58	 From  Soozie & Dan : What about geothermal and tidal energy?
19:11:44	 From  Gary Nelson : Good question. Iceland’s electricity is entirely clean and about 25% is from geothermal. A couple startup companies are using very high tech drilling technologies to make wells deep enough to tap the earth’s heat. So far these are too new to be online, but could be a big deal if they are successful.
19:15:39	 From  Soozie & Dan : what is the vulnerability of the various nodes that do the controlling of the networks?
19:16:29	 From  Gary Nelson : Tidal is also emerging but the total energy available is modest. One source claims that if we put tidal generators in all the feasible locations, we could get 100GW. I’ll attempt to find that source.
19:19:18	 From  Rick Rupp : How can you call hydro no co2 when there’s methane being emitted
19:19:23	 From  Judith Rudolph : Do you think the disappearing glaciers and future droughts will have a major effect on our hydro power systems?
19:19:32	 From  Gary Nelson : Largest tidal generator video
19:19:35	 From  Gary Nelson : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pdxjlRFjNLU
19:29:00	 From  Kathleen Waldron : What about off grid options? If we had home solar & batteries, and maybe deep thermal for cooling energy, could we avoid the grid?
19:29:34	 From  Gary Nelson : Water levels behind many dams is already low. E.G., Hoover Dam
19:29:52	 From  Doug Rodgers : Yes, you can.  If you have the space for the panels and enough battery storage, you can do that now.
19:31:32	 From  Kathleen Waldron : Anyone
19:33:57	 From  Judith Rudolph : It seems like increasing efficiency, like using heat pumps, could be a major solution.
19:34:33	 From  Kathleen Waldron : Thank you
19:35:41	 From  Soozie & Dan : The PDN today gave info on the potential plan for the JC library to install some solar panels.  Will they help the grid.?
19:42:27	 From  cbarcus : Great presentation!
19:43:05	 From  cbarcus : I heard a grid operator talk about the 1965 failure decades ago…fascinating topic…thanks!
19:47:15	 From  cbarcus : As we drive down the cost of electricity in the coming years, will smart grid technology seem as attractive?
20:04:41	 From  cbarcus : Yes! see Planet of Slums by Mike Davis for an idea of the scale of poverty.
20:13:37	 From  cbarcus : Massive underlying productivity problems all over the world feeding inflation…technological innovation is going to help in some fundamental ways.
20:17:41	 From  cbarcus : Notice what has happened in Europe with the dependency on Russia gas…in the dead of winter when intermittent generation is not significantly producing, the energy supply is cut off.
20:21:16	 From  Jim Rough : Thank you so much… great stuff!! … Very good presentation.
20:24:55	 From  Gary Nelson : Juice i a good movie